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We can divide the life of the beloved Prophet into two parts. Then it will be easier to understand.
1. Makkan life
2.Madinan life
To easily understand the history of Islam, Seerah (biography), and the chronological order of the revelation of the Qur'an, the life of the Prophet (ﷺ) is divided into the Makkan phase and the Madinan phase. This makes the progression of Islam clearly understandable.
Why do we say “Makkan life” and “Madinan life”?
Two different periods of the Prophet’s life—two different places.
Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) spent the first part of his 23 years of prophethood in Makkah, and the second part in Madinah.
The environment, society, responsibilities, struggles, and the nature of دعوت (call to Islam) in these two cities were completely different.
Therefore, historically, it is easier to study his life by dividing it into two parts.
1.Makkan life: Prophethood, the call to Islam, a time of patience and persecution. A total of 10 years.
- The seed of Islam was sown.
- The message of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) began.
- The Muslims endured physical and social persecution.
- Most of the message was focused on faith (Iman), creed (Aqeedah), and morals.
Madinan life: The Prophet (ﷺ) migrated from Makkah to Madinah along with his Companions. After that, the period he lived in Madinah is called the Madinan life. This time was the establishment of Islamic society and state, and the victory of Islam. Total of 13 years.
After the migration to Madinah:
- A Muslim state was established.
- Permission for fighting was granted.
- Rulings regarding law, society, family, and economy were revealed.
- The political and social structure of Islam was established.
- The victory of Islam