
When fasting is made obligatory and its proof (Quran and Hadith)
Fasting or Sawm was made obligatory upon the Muslim Ummah in the second year of Hijra. It is a fundamental act of worship in Islam, which is mandatory to observe during the month of Ramadan. Its proof is found in both the Holy Quran and Sahih Hadith.
Allah Ta’ala says—
“O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous (attain Taqwa).”
— Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183
It has also been said— “The month of Ramadan is that in which was revealed the Quran, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion.” Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185
It is clear from these verses that fasting is an obligatory decree from Allah and it is a means of attaining Taqwa.
The Prophet (PBUH) said—
“Islam is built upon five pillars, among which observing the fast of Ramadan is one pillar.” Sahih al-Bukhari ও Sahih Muslim
It is understood from this Hadith that fasting is a part of the core foundation of Islam and it is obligatory upon every capable Muslim.
Remember briefly
It is an obligatory act of worship proven by Sahih Hadith
Fasting became obligatory in the second year of Hijra
It is a clear command of the Quran
It is one of the five pillars of Islam
It is a means of attaining Taqwa