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We can divide the life of the beloved Prophet into two parts. Then it will be easier to understand.
1. Makkan life
2.Madinan life
To explain the history of Islam, the Sirah, and the sequence of the Qur'an's revelation clearly, the life of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is divided into the Meccan period and the Medinan period. This makes the developmental process of Islam clearly understood.
Why do we say “Makkan life” and “Madinan life”?
Two different periods of the Prophet’s life—two different places.
Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) spent the first part of his 23 years of prophethood in Makkah, and the second part in Madinah.
The environment, society, responsibilities, struggles, and the nature of دعوت (call to Islam) in these two cities were completely different.
Therefore, historically, it is easier to study his life by dividing it into two parts.
1. Makki life: the period of prophethood, the call to Islam, patience, and persecution. A total of 13 years.
- The seed of Islam was sown.
- The message of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) began.
- The Muslims endured physical and social persecution.
- Most of the message was focused on faith (Iman), creed (Aqeedah), and morals.
2. Madani Life: The Prophet (peace be upon him) migrated from Mecca to Medina with his companions. The period of his life in Medina is called the Madani life. This was a time for the establishment of an Islamic society and state and the triumph of Islam. It lasted for a total of 10 years.
After the migration to Madinah:
- A Muslim state was established.
- Permission for fighting was granted.
- Rulings regarding law, society, family, and economy were revealed.
- The political and social structure of Islam was established.
- The victory of Islam
